How to use Verbs as Complements
1) This construction is used with the verbs listed below:
VERB + GERUND (VERB-ING)
admit delay miss regret risk
appreciate deny postpone report suggest
avoid enjoy practice resent
can’t help finish quit resist
consider mind recall resume
The sentence construction would be as follows:
SUBJECT+ VERB+ GERUND+ COMPLEMENT+ MODIFIER
Examples:
I enjoy studying English at the CBA.
He considered traveling to Europe for the summer, but he doesn’t have enough funds.
2) This construction is used with the verbs listed below:
VERB+ INFINITIVE (TO VERB)
agree expect intend prepare try
attempt fail learn pretend want
claim forget mean propose wish
decide have need refuse
demand hesitate offer seem
desire hope plan tend
Examples:
I decided to refuse the invitation.
He pretended to be someone else.
She forgot to bring her keys.
3) With the following Verbs the Sentence doesn’t change meaning if you use the gerund (ing) or the infinitive
begin continue
like prefer
can’t stand start
love hate
VERB+ GERUND (VERB-ING)
or
VERB+ INFINITIVE (TO VERB)
4) With the following Verbs the Sentence has Different Meaning
Stop
Remember
Forget
VERB+ GERUND (VERB-ING) – Means forever
Example:
She stopped studying Engineering when she got pregnant.
Meaning she won’t study Engineering any more. She stopped studying forever.
or
VERB+ INFINITIVE (TO VERB)
Example:
She stopped to study English when I called her.
Meaning that she will continue to study after her break.
5) Use of prepositions with the -Ing Form
VERB+ PREPOSITION+ VERB-ING
List of Prepositions that use this construction:
as a result of from in view of thanks to
at in of through
because of in exchange for on account of with
by means of in return for on the strength of without
by virtue of in spite of out of
for fear of in the face of owing to
for lack of in the light of
for want of
EXCEPTION: But, except
.
Example:
He hid the wallet, for fear of being stolen.
She was really famous, as a result of acting as Mary in the Jesus Christ film.
Courage in the Face of Eviction Nightmare
6) Use of Adjectives with the infinitive form
ADJECTIVES + INFINITIVE
Construction:
VERB+ ADJECTIVE+ TO VERB
List of adjectives that use this construction:
able dangerous good ready
anxious difficult hard strange
boring eager pleased usual
common easy prepared
Examples:
I’m pleased to meet you
It’s difficult to understand some people.
I’m prepared to take this test.
Rafael is eager to meet you.
7) Use a Pronoun before the Infinitive form
Certain verbs require the following construction:
SUBJECT+ VERB+ PRONOUN+ TO VERB
Allow Ask
Beg Convince Expect
Instruct Invite Order
Permit Persuade Prepare
Promise Remind Urge
Want
The pronouns to be used are object pronouns: ME, YOU, HIM, HER, IT, US, YOU, THEM.
Example:
He orders her to study for the test.
My mother promised me to take me to the mall.
Rahima convinced him to purchase an expensive purse.
8) Use the -ing (gerung) form of a verb after the possessive form.
SUBJECT+ VERB+ POSSESSIVE FORM+ VERB-ING
Possessive form: MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, ITS, YOURS, OURS, THEM, MY, YOU , HIS HER, ITS, YOURS, THEIR.
Example:
I understand her feeling.
9) Use of the verb need with different nouns (living and things)
With living things use need and the infinitive form of the verb.
LIVING THING+ NEED+ INFINITIVE
George needs to work out more often.
THING+ NEED+ GERUND (ING)TO BE+ PAST PARTICIPLE
The blender needs to be repaired.
The blanket needs to be cleaned.
10) Use of subjunctives
SUBJECT+ VERB+ THAT+ SUBJECT+ VERB WORD + ….+
Joe prefers that she speak with him personally.
VERBS WITH THAT:
Advice Ask
Command
Decree
DemandDesire
Insist
MoveOrder
Prefer
RecommendRequest
Require
StipulateSuggest
Urge
NOUNS WITH THAT:
Recommendation
Requirement
Suggestion
ADJECTIVES WITH THAT
IT+ BE+ ADJECTIVE+ THAT+ SUBJECT+ VERB WORD
Advised Imperative
Important
MandatoryNecessary
Obligatory
ProposedRecommended
Require
SuggestedUrgent
Contoh kalimat lainnya:
Their plane is arriving at 7 o’clock, and so is mine.
I am sick, and He is too.
Our class is clean, and so are theirs.
Bella is beautiful, and her sister is too.
My hand writing is bad, and so are you.
Ketika hanya ada kata kerja bantu (auxiliary verb), contohnya: will, should, has, have, must, etc pada klausa utama (main clause), kata kerja bantu nya (auxiliary verb) juga digunakan pada klausa kedua (second clause). Contohnya:
He has seen her plays = He has seen her plays, and the girls have too.
The girls have seen her plays = He has seen her plays, and so have the girls.
Contoh kalimat lainnya:
They will go at noon, and she will too.
He has an early appointment, and so have I.
They have written their lyrics, and so have we.
Richard has lived in Cuba for five years, and they have too.
I should finish the report, and she should too.
Ketika hanya ada kata kerja (verb) tanpa auxiliary verb pada klausa utama (main clause), kata kerja bantu do, does, atau did digunakan pada klausa kedua (second clause) dan tensesnya harus sama. Contohnya:
We go to school = We go to school, and my brother does too.
My brother goes to school = We go to school, and so does my brother.
Contoh kalimat lainnya:
The manager isn’t too happy with the project, and neither is his assistant.
we can’t study in the library, and he can’t either.
You didn’t pay the taxes, and they didn’t either.
My brother won’t accept my father’s decision, and my sister won’t either.
He doesn’t know the answer, and neither does she.
1) This construction is used with the verbs listed below:
VERB + GERUND (VERB-ING)
admit delay miss regret risk
appreciate deny postpone report suggest
avoid enjoy practice resent
can’t help finish quit resist
consider mind recall resume
The sentence construction would be as follows:
SUBJECT+ VERB+ GERUND+ COMPLEMENT+ MODIFIER
Examples:
I enjoy studying English at the CBA.
He considered traveling to Europe for the summer, but he doesn’t have enough funds.
2) This construction is used with the verbs listed below:
VERB+ INFINITIVE (TO VERB)
agree expect intend prepare try
attempt fail learn pretend want
claim forget mean propose wish
decide have need refuse
demand hesitate offer seem
desire hope plan tend
Examples:
I decided to refuse the invitation.
He pretended to be someone else.
She forgot to bring her keys.
3) With the following Verbs the Sentence doesn’t change meaning if you use the gerund (ing) or the infinitive
begin continue
like prefer
can’t stand start
love hate
VERB+ GERUND (VERB-ING)
or
VERB+ INFINITIVE (TO VERB)
4) With the following Verbs the Sentence has Different Meaning
Stop
Remember
Forget
VERB+ GERUND (VERB-ING) – Means forever
Example:
She stopped studying Engineering when she got pregnant.
Meaning she won’t study Engineering any more. She stopped studying forever.
or
VERB+ INFINITIVE (TO VERB)
Example:
She stopped to study English when I called her.
Meaning that she will continue to study after her break.
5) Use of prepositions with the -Ing Form
VERB+ PREPOSITION+ VERB-ING
List of Prepositions that use this construction:
as a result of from in view of thanks to
at in of through
because of in exchange for on account of with
by means of in return for on the strength of without
by virtue of in spite of out of
for fear of in the face of owing to
for lack of in the light of
for want of
EXCEPTION: But, except
.
Example:
He hid the wallet, for fear of being stolen.
She was really famous, as a result of acting as Mary in the Jesus Christ film.
Courage in the Face of Eviction Nightmare
6) Use of Adjectives with the infinitive form
ADJECTIVES + INFINITIVE
Construction:
VERB+ ADJECTIVE+ TO VERB
List of adjectives that use this construction:
able dangerous good ready
anxious difficult hard strange
boring eager pleased usual
common easy prepared
Examples:
I’m pleased to meet you
It’s difficult to understand some people.
I’m prepared to take this test.
Rafael is eager to meet you.
7) Use a Pronoun before the Infinitive form
Certain verbs require the following construction:
SUBJECT+ VERB+ PRONOUN+ TO VERB
Allow Ask
Beg Convince Expect
Instruct Invite Order
Permit Persuade Prepare
Promise Remind Urge
Want
The pronouns to be used are object pronouns: ME, YOU, HIM, HER, IT, US, YOU, THEM.
Example:
He orders her to study for the test.
My mother promised me to take me to the mall.
Rahima convinced him to purchase an expensive purse.
8) Use the -ing (gerung) form of a verb after the possessive form.
SUBJECT+ VERB+ POSSESSIVE FORM+ VERB-ING
Possessive form: MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, ITS, YOURS, OURS, THEM, MY, YOU , HIS HER, ITS, YOURS, THEIR.
Example:
I understand her feeling.
9) Use of the verb need with different nouns (living and things)
With living things use need and the infinitive form of the verb.
LIVING THING+ NEED+ INFINITIVE
George needs to work out more often.
THING+ NEED+ GERUND (ING)TO BE+ PAST PARTICIPLE
The blender needs to be repaired.
The blanket needs to be cleaned.
10) Use of subjunctives
SUBJECT+ VERB+ THAT+ SUBJECT+ VERB WORD + ….+
Joe prefers that she speak with him personally.
VERBS WITH THAT:
Advice Ask
Command
Decree
DemandDesire
Insist
MoveOrder
Prefer
RecommendRequest
Require
StipulateSuggest
Urge
NOUNS WITH THAT:
Recommendation
Requirement
Suggestion
ADJECTIVES WITH THAT
IT+ BE+ ADJECTIVE+ THAT+ SUBJECT+ VERB WORD
Advised Imperative
Important
MandatoryNecessary
Obligatory
ProposedRecommended
Require
SuggestedUrgent
Affirmative Agreement
Untuk menghilangkan pengulangan kata pada suatu kalimat kita
bisa menggunakan kata“so” atau “too”. Ada perbedaan pada susunan kalimatnya
ketika menggunaan kata “so”dan “too”. Silahkan perhatikan rumus berikut:
Ketika hanya ada “to be” pada klausa utama (main clause), maka tenses yang sama dari“to be” digunakan pada klausa kedua (second clause). Contohnya:
I am hungry = I am hungry, and you are too.
You are hungry = I am hungry, and so are you.
Ketika hanya ada “to be” pada klausa utama (main clause), maka tenses yang sama dari“to be” digunakan pada klausa kedua (second clause). Contohnya:
I am hungry = I am hungry, and you are too.
You are hungry = I am hungry, and so are you.
Affirmative statement (to be) + and +
|
Subject + to be + too
|
So + to be + subject
|
Contoh kalimat lainnya:
Their plane is arriving at 7 o’clock, and so is mine.
I am sick, and He is too.
Our class is clean, and so are theirs.
Bella is beautiful, and her sister is too.
My hand writing is bad, and so are you.
Ketika hanya ada kata kerja bantu (auxiliary verb), contohnya: will, should, has, have, must, etc pada klausa utama (main clause), kata kerja bantu nya (auxiliary verb) juga digunakan pada klausa kedua (second clause). Contohnya:
He has seen her plays = He has seen her plays, and the girls have too.
The girls have seen her plays = He has seen her plays, and so have the girls.
Affirmative statement + and +
(auxiliary verb)
|
Subject + auxiliary verb only +too
|
So + auxiliary verb only + subject
|
Contoh kalimat lainnya:
They will go at noon, and she will too.
He has an early appointment, and so have I.
They have written their lyrics, and so have we.
Richard has lived in Cuba for five years, and they have too.
I should finish the report, and she should too.
Ketika hanya ada kata kerja (verb) tanpa auxiliary verb pada klausa utama (main clause), kata kerja bantu do, does, atau did digunakan pada klausa kedua (second clause) dan tensesnya harus sama. Contohnya:
We go to school = We go to school, and my brother does too.
My brother goes to school = We go to school, and so does my brother.
Contoh kalimat lainnya:
We want to buy a fountain, and she does too.
My mother likes traveling, and so do their mother.
My brother invites him to the party, and my sister does too.
They wrote a good poem, and so did he.
Fred cooked fried rice for his breakfast, and Tina did too.
We want to buy a fountain, and she does too.
My mother likes traveling, and so do their mother.
My brother invites him to the party, and my sister does too.
They wrote a good poem, and so did he.
Fred cooked fried rice for his breakfast, and Tina did too.
Negative Agreement
“Either” dan “neither” memiliki fungsi yang sama seperti
kata “too” dan “so” pada klausa kedua (second clause) dalam kalimat positif
(affirmative sentence/ agreement). Kata“Either” dan “neither” ini digunakan
untuk mengindikasikan kalimat negative (negative sentence/ agreement). Aturan
yang sama juga berlaku untuk penggunaan “to be”, “auxiliary verb” (kata kerja
bantu), dan “verb” (kata kerja). Contohnya:
I didn’t go to the mosque yesterday, and Ali didn’t either.
I didn’t go to the mosque yesterday, and neither did Ali.
I didn’t go to the mosque yesterday, and Ali didn’t either.
I didn’t go to the mosque yesterday, and neither did Ali.
Negative statement + and +
|
Subject + negative auxiliary or “to be” + either
|
Neither + positive auxiliary or “to be” +
subject
|
Contoh kalimat lainnya:
The manager isn’t too happy with the project, and neither is his assistant.
we can’t study in the library, and he can’t either.
You didn’t pay the taxes, and they didn’t either.
My brother won’t accept my father’s decision, and my sister won’t either.
He doesn’t know the answer, and neither does she.
Referensi :
http://www.english4dummies.com/verbs-as-complements/
